Which is thought to be an "unintended consequence" of campaign spending limits introduced in California in 2000?
a. an increase in independent expenditures
b. a significant decrease in campaign spending
c. increased reliance on grassroots volunteers
d. fewer women and minority candidates winning elections
A
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The most common manner of making formal changes to state constitutions is permitted in all fifty states and accounts for 90 percent of all revisions. It begins with a(n)
a. legislative proposal. b. initiative. c. constitutional convention. d. constitutional commission's recommendations to the electorate.
Oil became a major concern of international politics in the 1970s and 1980s. Which of the following reasons was not a primary cause of that concern?
a. fear about absolute scarcity b. increased prices of oil c. environmental concern over oil pollution d. politically induced disruption of oil supply
Today, an extraordinary burden of proof of imminent harm is needed before the courts will shut down a newspaper before a story is printed. This is known as
A) libel. B) prior restraint. C) private censorship. D) private restraint. E) slander.
Why were many so optimistic about the global summit at Copenhagen in 2009?
a. The Kyoto conference was so successful that everyone believed it would happen again. b. Those wishing for emission reductions took the rhetoric of many world leaders too seriously. c. The Kyoto conferences were such a failure that everyone believed it could only improve. d. The largest emitters were already taking strides to reduce domestic emissions without an agreement.