Which statements are true regarding Leininger's Sunrise Model? (Select all that apply.)
1. The model was produced by Leininger to depict her theory of cultural care diversity and universality.
2. The model defines ethnicity as a consciousness of belonging.
3. The social factors are addressed within environmental contexts, language expressions, and ethnohistory.
4. The model emphasizes that health and care are influenced by elements of the social structure, such as technology, religious and philosophical factors, and cultural values among other elements.
5. The model consists of concentric circles with starting with an outlying rim representing the global society.
Correct Answer: 1, 3, 4
Leininger produced her Sunrise Model to depict her theory of cultural care diversity and universality. The Sunrise Model emphasizes that health and care are influenced by elements of the social structure, such as technological factors, religious and philosophical factors, kinship and social systems, cultural values, political and legal factors, economic factors, and educational factors. These social factors are addressed within environmental contexts, language expressions, and ethnohistory. Leninger's model does not define ethnicity. Purnell's model for cultural competence is complex and consists of concentric circles representing the global society, community, and then the family.
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