Learning organizations adapt to change through their ability to be open, dynamic, and responsive to changes in the environment. Which of the following learning disciplines are true of these types of organizations (select all that apply)?
a. Learning is conducted in individual parts rather than in groups.
b. Viewing the organization as an interre-lated system is known as systems thinking.
c. Individuals utilize mental models to un-derstand how their vision affects their de-cisions and actions.
d. Shared vision is conducted within a group to determine plans to get to the preferred future.
e. Personal mastery encourages individuals to create results as they see fit.
B, C, D
Mental models allow individuals to develop, create, and project a personal vision and understand how these views affect their decisions and actions. Shared vision is encouraged within a group for development of plans. A sharing of learning skills is encouraged as a group so that learning can occur as a group. The organization is viewed as an interrelated system, rather than in unre-lated parts, in systems thinking.
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The nurse is assessing cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory). Which of the following statements would the nurse say to the client?
1. "Shrug your shoulders and turn your head against my hand.". 2. "Stick out your tongue and move it from side to side.". 3. "Taste these foods and decide which is sweet and which is sour.". 4. "Smell these items and identify what they are.".
During the admitting assessment process, a client asks, "What is oliguria?" Based on the nurse's knowledge, the best response would be:
1. "Oliguria is a urine output less than 50 mL in 24 hours." 2. "Oliguria is a urine output less than 250 mL in 24 hours." 3. "Oliguria is a urine output less than 400 mL in 24 hours." 4. "Oliguria is a decreased urine output indicative of disease."
A child with inflammatory bowel disease is prescribed prednisone daily. At which time is it most appropriate for the family to administer the prednisone?
1. Between meals 2. One hour before meals 3. At bedtime 4. With meals
Critical thinking is a purposeful, goal-directed process of inquiry that uses available facts, principles, theories, and abstractions. Which statement best describes the processes that are accomplished through critical thinking?
a. Make inferences, solve problems, arrive at decisions. b. Persuade others, induce debate, use intuition. c. Make inferences, reduce fractions, make decisions. d. Solve problems, elevate issues, reflect actions.