Which urine specific gravity, and corresponding pH, should the nurse include in a goal statement for a pediatric client receiving chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer?
1. Specific gravity 1.030 and pH 7.5
2. Specific gravity 1.005 and pH 6
3. Specific gravity 1.030 and pH 6
4. Specific gravity 1.005 and pH 7.5
4
Explanation:
1. A specific gravity higher than 1.010 can mean fluid intake is not high enough.
2. A pH of less than 7 means acidosis.
3. A specific gravity higher than 1.010 can mean fluid intake is not high enough, and a pH of less than 7 means acidosis.
4. Because the breakdown of malignant cells releases intracellular components into the blood and electrolyte imbalance causes metabolic acidosis, the patient should remain well hydrated, with the urine specific gravity at less than 1.010 and the pH at 7.0 to 7.5.
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After an influenza-like illness, the patient complains of chills and small petechiae in his mouth and his legs. A heart murmur is detectable. These are characteristic signs of:
a. congestive heart failure. b. heart block. c. aortic stenosis. d. infective endocarditis.
The nurse prepares educational material on nutrition for a community group. Which food item should the nurse explain has the most amount of calories per gram?
a. Fats b. Protein c. Alcohol d. Carbohydrates
This statement was included in a research report:
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The patient has come to the clinic complaining of bleeding from what she calls a "mole" on her neck. She states that her mother died from skin cancer at a fairly early age because she was fair-skinned and had a lot of exposure to the sun
Because of this, the patient has been going for tanning sessions regularly for several years to keep her dark and to protect her from the sun. The nurse prepares to examine the "mole" while being especially watchful for: (Select all that apply.) a. uneven shape of the mole (asymmetry). b. ragged or blurred edges of the mole border. c. pigmentation that is not uniform. d. size of the mole.