The nurse caring for a patient diagnosed with lung cancer determines that the patient might be experiencing superior vena cava syndrome. What did the nurse assess to make this clinical decision?
1. face and neck swelling
2. hourly urine outputs 250 to 500 mL
3. calcium level of 14.0 mg/dL
4. flat jugular veins
Correct Answer: 1
Superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome is an oncologic emergency and occurs when a lung tumor obstructs the SVC. This results in facial swelling, hands, arms, and neck swelling, distended jugular veins, cyanosis of the upper torso and dyspnea. Hourly urine outputs of 250 to 500 mL/hour are suggestive of the complication known as syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH). A calcium level of 14.0 mg/dL is considered hypercalcemia, which is a metabolic emergency associated with lung cancers.
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