Informed consent for a minor guarantees that the parent or legal guardian understands what aspect(s) of a procedure? (Select all that apply.)
a. Purpose of the procedure
b. Risks associated with the procedure
c. That no suit can be brought for damages
d. That the document must be signed and witnessed
e. That information was given
ANS: A, B, D, E
The informed consent establishes that the patient, parent, or legal guardian understands the purpose and risks of the procedure. It also establishes that the patient, parent, or legal guardian understands what they have been told; the document should be signed and witnessed.
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A client is awaiting bariatric surgery in the morning. What action by the nurse is most important?
a. Answering questions the client has about surgery b. Beginning venous thromboembolism prophylaxis c. Informing the client that he or she will be out of bed tomorrow d. Teaching the client about needed dietary changes
A patient with reduced glomerular filtration has a blood pressure of 168/100 mm Hg. The nurse realizes that which of the following is occurring with this patient?
1. sluggish response by the renin-angiotensin system 2. rebound hypertension due to fluid volume deficit 3. increased renin production causing the retention of water and electrolytes 4. kidneys hyper-excreting hydrogen ions
An older client, reporting a significant loss of hearing after being involved in an explosion, asks the nurse when his hearing will return. Which of the following responses by the nurse is most appropriate at this time?
1. The most common cause of hearing impairments is exposure to loud noises. 2. Hearing loss attributed to loud noises is normally reversible. 3. Loud noises can cause immediate, permanent loss of hearing. 4. Surgery will help restore the hearing you have lost.
The laboring client is at 7 cm, with the vertex at a +1 station. Her birth plan indicates that she and her partner took Lamaze prenatal classes, and they have planned on a natural, unmedicated birth
Her contractions are every 3 minutes and last 60 seconds. She has used relaxation and breathing techniques very successfully in her labor until the last 15 minutes. Now, during contractions, she is writhing on the bed and screaming. Her labor partner is rubbing the client's back and speaking to her quietly. Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse incorporate into the plan of care for this client? 1. Fear/Anxiety related to discomfort of labor and unknown labor outcome 2. Pain, Acute, related to uterine contractions, cervical dilatation, and fetal descent 3. Coping: Family, Compromised, related to labor process 4. Knowledge, Deficient, related to lack of information about normal labor process and comfort measures