List five methods used to prevent VAP in mechanically ventilated patients.
What will be an ideal response?
1. exercise good hand hygiene
2. elevate head of bed at 30 to 45 degree angle at all times
3. change ventilator circuit when visibly soiled or malfunctioned
4. use noninvasive ventilation with face mask
5. sedation vacation for 6 to 8 hours daily
6. initiate early weaning from mechanical ventilation
7. follow sterile techniques in suctioning and prevent of contamination of endotracheal or tracheostomy tube
8. perform good oral care or decontaminate oropharynx
9. use oral feeding tube
10. endotracheal tube with an ultrathin and tapered-shape cuff membrane
11. endotracheal tube coated with silver or antimicrobial agents
12. endotracheal tube with a separate dorsal lumen above the cuff for subglottic secretion drainage
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The ion that is used as a vasodilator and analgesic is
A) magnesium B) iodine C) calcium D) acetate
Once on the fire floor, start the search:
A. on the floor below the fire. B. on the floor above the fire. C. as close to the fire as possible. D. as far away from the fire as possible.
Malignant tissue cells have which of the following morphologic features?
a. Irregular nuclear membrane b. Evenly distributed chromatin c. Prominent nucleoli with regular nuclear membrane d. All of the above
Letter D in the figure is ________ bone, which appears more solid than cancellous bone.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).