What were the positive and negative reactions to the changes brought about by industrialization?
What will be an ideal response?
A. Positive reactions to changes
1. factories represented proof of progress
a. magical extension of human power over the rest of nature
b. romantic adventure in making a new future for humankind
c. no precedents, except in myth, for what machines could do
2. factories in harmony with nature
3. factories were remarkable creations of the imagination
a. spaces of a type never before conceived and, therefore, never
before designed
4. some entrepreneurs were genuinely motivated by vision or vocation, by
religion and charitable sentiments
5. spread prosperity and increase leisure for workers
B. Negative reactions to changes
1. industrialization plunged workers into misery
a. uprooting lives, disrupting families, imposing bleak new working
conditions, throwing up hideous cities rife with filth and disease
2. Karl Marx foretold that industrialization would aggravate class warfare
3. critics of industrialization longed for a lost past
a. Arts and Crafts movement, who championed craftsmanship and
opposed industrial uniformity
b. workers' environments destroyed morale
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