The extent to which a measurement assesses what it claims to measure is called __________
a) validity
b) reliability
c) an experimental design
d) an independent variable
Answer: b
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If we know that a set of test scores has a mean of 75 and a standard deviation of 8, we would conclude that
a. the average deviation from the mean is about 8 points. b. the average person will have a score of 75 + 8 = 83. c. more people are above 75 than below it. d. You can't tell anything about how scores lie relative to the mean.
When asked what he did at preschool earlier in the day, 3-year-old Harry said that he "runned on the playground." This error illustrates:
A) confusing phonemes with morphemes. B) confusing the deep structure with the simple structure of the sentence. C) confusing morphemes with syntax. D) overgeneralizing from the grammatical language rules.
Viewing a negative situation in a new way that makes it more positive is:
a. redefining. b. recontextualizing. c. revamping. d. reframing.
Which of the following comparisons would be MOST useful to
support an argument regarding the effects of environment on intellectual differences? a. comparison of families with one adopted child and one biological child b. IQ correlations between fraternal twins compared with correlations between identical twins c. IQ correlations between identical twins reared together with correlations between identical twins reared apart d. comparisons of adopted identical twins and adopted fraternal twins