Describe the biological basis for introversion/extraversion. How heritable are personality traits?
What will be an ideal response?
Eysenck suggested that the brain's reticular activation system plays a role in introversion/extraversion. He thought of these traits as the outward manifestations of arousal regulation. Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory, suggested that extraversion and neuroticism can be understood as two neurological systems that respond to rewards (the behavioral activation system, or BAS) and punishments (the behavioral inhibition system, or BIS) in the environment. Research has found that dopamine is associated with behavioral activation (extraversion) and serotonin with behavioral inhibition or avoidance (neuroticism). Behavioral genetic studies have shown that the heritability of personality traits is approximately 50 percent.
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Research indicates that the highly structured intensive behavior therapy techniques developed by Ivor Lovaas and his colleagues
a. can be very effective within very short periods of time. b. only work when combined with antipsychotic medications. c. lead only to temporary improvements. d. can be effective but only when they are provided many hours a week and for many years.
If tardiness was a target behavior, it would most likely be
a. a behavioral excess. b. a behavioral deficit. c. resistant to change. d. targeted later on.
Propanolol inhibits glucocorticoids in the brain. If administered to a person who has just experienced a traumatic event, what effect might this have?
a. The likelihood of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) might be reduced b. The likelihood of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) might be increased. c. The likelihood of developing panic disorder would be increased. d. The likelihood of developing obsessive-compulsive disorder would be reduced.
According to Abraham Maslow's revised hierarchy, self-actualization is the highest need to which people attend.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)