What modern concept is attributed to the nineteenth century volunteer work of John Augustus?

A. Prison
B. Parole
C. Sureties
D. Probation


Answer: D

Criminal Justice

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_____ criminology maintains that mainstream criminologists and criminal justice professionals are apologists for a capitalist ruling class that dominates the state

a. Radical c. Consensus b. Conflict d. Extreme

Criminal Justice

What type of investigation allows probation officers to produce a report as part of a negotiated plea prior to its acceptance by the presiding judge?

a. presentencing investigation b. post arrest investigation c. preplea investigation d. PO investigation

Criminal Justice

The majority and dissenting judges in Kyllo v. U.S. (2001 ) differed in their understanding of whether heat-detecting technology was __________ or _______________ the wall

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Criminal Justice

What are the motions demanding the prosecutor reveal exculpatory information called?

a. Brady motions b. Exculpatory motions c. Garrow motions d. Evidentiary motions

Criminal Justice