The presence of an establishing operation makes the consequence of a behavior ____________, and the presence of an abolishing operation makes the consequence of a behavior ____________
a. more reinforcing; less reinforcing
b. less reinforcing; more reinforcing
c. more punishing; less punishing
d. aversive; desirable
a
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If obese people tend to whistle less than slender people, what kind of correlation would be expected between weight and the tendency to whistle?
a. zero b. positive c. negative d. random e. minimal
While grocery shopping at the local market, Holly became
embarrassed by her 2-year-old daughter's behavior. Her daughter clearly did not want to sit in the shopping cart, but rather wanted to help push the cart. Holly made this speculation based on her daughter's loud and piercing, "Noooo, I get out!!" and "I push cart, Mommy!!" In which stage is Holly's daughter? a) basic trust vs. mistrust b) intimacy vs. isolation c) autonomy vs. shame and doubt d) generativity vs. stagnation
__________ entails ridicule and humiliation, as well as behavior causing emotional trauma to children.
A. Physical abuse B. Emotional abuse C. Sexual abuse D. Neglect
Studies of vulnerable populations, for example children, older adults, etc., who are exposed to a chronic stressor indicate that they
A. exhibit few cognitive decrements but do show signs of helplessness. B. eventually habituate to high levels of the stressor. C. exhibit little adaptation to chronic stressors. D. eventually learn to change their task strategies and focus to accommodate the noise in their environments.