A concentration ratio measures
A) the average size of the firms in the industry.
B) the sales of the three largest firms in the industry minus the costs of these three largest firms in the industry.
C) the share of industry sales accounted for by the largest firms in the industry.
D) the excess capacity found in a particular oligopolistic industry.
C
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Firms in monopolistic competition
A) face a downward-sloping demand curve. B) cannot charge a markup because there are no dominant firms. C) definitely do not benefit from advertising. D) produce at the efficient scale in the long run. E) generally have low to nonexistent selling costs.
Suppose a country has 100 westerners and 100 easterners. A westerner can produce either 6 units of food or 2 units of national defense; an easterner can produce either 2 units of food or 1 unit of national defense
a. Show that easterners have a comparative advantage in the production of defense. b. Suppose this country has decided it wants to produce 60 units of defense. Would the country have more food to consume if the westerners produced these 60 units of defense or if the easterners produced this defense? c. Why should you have anticipated your answer to part (b) of this question? d. Now suppose this country institutes a draft and chooses people for the military randomly. Suppose further that it drafts 20 westerners and 20 easterners (who together will produce 60 units of defense). How much food will the country produce if it chooses to have a military draft? e. Compare the cost in terms of foregone food production under a draft to the cost under a volunteer army where the country pays the easterners enough to persuade them to become soldiers.
Along a straight-line demand curve (dropping all minus signs), the price elasticity of demand
A. gets larger as quantity demanded gets larger. B. gets smaller as quantity demanded gets larger. C. always equals one. D. is constant (though not necessarily equal to one).
Which of the following is correct when a price is set below a market's equilibrium price?
a. quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied at the set price b. quantity demanded is less than quantity supplied at the set price c. quantity demanded is equal to quantity supplied at the set price d. at the set price there is a surplus e. the market price is less than the ceiling price