The nurse working with a child with severe burns instructs the family about the dietary needs of the child explaining that the child needs a diet:
a. high in carbohydrates and fat
b. high in calories, protein, vitamin A, and vitamin C
c. that consists of strained baby foods
d. high in bulk, fruit, and vegetables
B
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A Incorrect: The child does not need a diet high in carbohydrates and fat
B Correct: The nurse working with a child with severe burns instructs the family that the child needs a diet high in calories, protein, vitamin A, and vitamin C. Burns increase metabolism significantly. So the child will need two to three times the normal amount of calories. Because of the hypermetabolic state, protein breakdown increases, requiring extra protein to maintain weight and muscle function. Increased amounts of vitamins A and C help replace the losses from the changes in metabolism.
C Incorrect: The child does not need a diet that consists of strained baby foods. Many burned children are able to eat and do not require strained baby foods. If a child is unable to eat or has a poor appetite, enteral feedings are often administered.
D Incorrect: The child does not need a diet high in bulk, fruit, and vegetables. Such a diet would not supply the extra calories and protein.
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