There are factors that influence the musculoskeletal system associated with aging. The nurse rec-ognizes that with age:
1. Men have the greatest incidence of osteoporosis
2. Muscle fibers increase in size and become tighter
3. Weight-bearing exercise reduces the loss of bone mass
4. Muscle strength does not diminish as much as muscle mass
ANS: 3
Older adults who exercise regularly do not lose as much bone and muscle mass or muscle tone as those who are inactive. Postmenopausal women have a greater problem with osteoporosis than older men. Muscle fibers are reduced in size with aging. Muscle strength diminishes in proportion to the decline in muscle mass.
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When establishing a client's level of consciousness, the nurse is aware that this is determined by assessing the client's:
a. Level of awareness b. Ability to tell the nurse where he or she is at any given time c. Accuracy in expressing the current month, date, or year d. Capability to explain why he or she is in the facility
The nurse explains that the classic early warning symptom of a detached retina is:
a. tearing and swelling of the eye. b. flashing colored lights in the eye. c. bleeding into the anterior chamber. d. intense brow pain.
The nurse assesses a client who has received thrombolytic therapy after having a myocardial infarction. Which clinical manifestation indicates to the nurse that reperfusion has been success-ful?
a. ST-segment depression b. Cessation of diaphoresis c. Sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain d. Onset of ventricular dysrhythmias
The primary difference between a social and a therapeutic relationship is the
A. type of information exchanged. B. amount of satisfaction felt. C. type of responsibility involved. D. amount of emotion invested.