The following is a list of events that were involved in the formation of self-replicating living cells. Which one of the following best represents the order in which these events are believed to have occurred?
1. formation of RNA
2. enclosure of small organic molecules within a membrane
3. formation of simple organic molecules from atmospheric gases
4. formation of a lipid-protein membrane
A) 3, 1, 4, 2
B) 3, 4, 2, 1
C) 4, 2, 3, 1
D) 4, 1, 3, 2
E) 1, 3, 4, 2
A
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A gene library from a particular human's retinal cell would be a collection of _____
A) DNAs cut by a restriction enzyme B) plasmids cut by a restriction enzyme C) different DNA fragments ligated into different plasmids D) genes that have been sequenced from a particular organism E) PCR-amplified DNAs
The atmosphere and seas of the early Earth lacked oxygen. What kind of organisms could NOT have lived under those conditions?
A. obligate aerobes B. obligate anaerobes C. facultative anaerobes D. chemoautotrophs E. cyanobacteria
It has become clear that there are many examples of genetic information being transferred from one species to another. This would
A. increase the number of mutations in the species receiving the genetic information. B. increase the genetic diversity of the species receiving the genetic information. C. cause new species to form. D. make selecting agents less important.
This layer of the eye contains melanin and arteries that provide other parts with nutrients and oxygen
A) sclera B) choroid C) iris D) retina