With suitable examples, explain the differences between connection-oriented and connectionless protocols.
What will be an ideal response?
A connection-oriented protocol needs the client and the server to establish a
connection with the help of control packets, before the transmission of any data
packets. This is termed as a handshake between the client and the server. The
handshake procedure serves to negotiate certain parameters such as determining
the flow control so as to prevent the receiver from being overwhelmed,
establishing the sequence numbers between the two parties etc.
A connectionless protocol does not involve any handshaking mechanism between
the two parties before data transfer. The sender can directly send a data packet to
the receiver irrespective of whether the receiver is ready to accept it or not.
The advantage of a connectionless protocol is that it does not require the overhead
involved with establishing a connection, thereby improving the time required for
the first packet to be received by the receiver. This is useful when the sender
needs to intermittently send a few packets, and so the time spent on establishing
the connection is not justified.
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