Pedro is eight years old and is in elementary school. According to Erikson's theory, the major conflict for Pedro is
a. autonomy versus shame and doubt.
b. initiative versus guilt.
c. industry versus inferiority.
d. identity versus role confusion.
C
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Regarding cognitive therapies, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. Cognitive therapy techniques are based on the view that distorted ways of thinking underlie emotional problems. b. Cognitive therapies are relatively brief forms of treatment. c. Cognitive therapies focus more on what is happening in the present than on what happened in the past. d. Clients are given "homework assignments" in cognitive therapy. e. Cognitive therapists believe that emotional problems are caused by negative events and life experiences.
In operant conditioning, generalization has occurred when:
A. an organism emits the same response to similar stimuli B. a response is not emitted in the presence of unreinforced stimuli C. a behavior is no longer reinforced D. an organism realizes that it has been operantly conditioned
Milton Rokeach characterized persons at both ends of the political spectrum who are subject to rigid and intolerant thinking and who show an unwarranted certainty in matters of belief or opinion as being
a. dogmatic. b. dissonant. c. prejudiced. d. ethnocentric.
Which of the following are techniques used by a person-centered therapist?
a) active listening b) analyzing resistance c) transference d) dream analysis