Which of the following statements about signal propagation is true?
a. Signaling pathways are simple and linear.
b. Signaling pathways can randomly be disrupted by internal errors and will automatically reset.
c. Signaling pathways can get very complicated because most cellular proteins can affect different downstream events.
d. Mutations have no effect on propagation of signaling pathways.
c. Signaling pathways can get very complicated because most cellular proteins can affect different downstream events.
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Histones that are tightly wound by DNA and are the basic unit of chromatin are called
A. operons. B. nucleosomes. C. protein clusters. D. repressor genes. E. facilitators sites.
Recreational cavers likely introduced ________, which threatens populations of already endangered bat populations in North America.
a. the fungal pathogen that causes white-nose syndrome b. the Limosa harlequin frog c. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, which causes the disease chytridiomycosis d. the European green crab
Transcription produces a new ____ molecule that is ____ in sequence to the DNA template.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Which of the following does NOT apply to microorganisms?
A) microorganisms are very diverse B) microorganisms participate in the carbon cycle and the nitrogen cycle C) ALL microorganisms are unicellular organisms D) microorganisms help recycle waste products through decomposition E) all of the these apply