Isotonic IV fluids are fluids with a total osmolality close to that of the ECF. Most IV fluids contain either dextrose or electrolytes in water. When would you infuse electrolyte-free water intravenously?
A) Never, it rapidly enters red blood cells, causing them to rupture.
B) When the patient is severely dehydrated
C) When the patient is in an excess of an electrolyte, i.e. hypercalcemia
D) When the patient is in a deficit of an electrolyte, i.e. hypocalcemia
Ans: A
Feedback: IV solutions contain dextrose or electrolytes mixed in various proportions with water. Pure, electrolyte-free water can never be administered by IV because it rapidly enters red blood cells and causes them to rupture. This makes options B, C, and D incorrect.
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