For which of the following patients should the nurse order a prostate-specific antigen (PSA)?
a. 40-year-old Caucasian male with a high intake of dietary fat, oil, and sugar
b. 68-year-old African American male with no complaints
c. 45-year-old Hispanic male with prostatitis
d. 40-year-old Asian male whose brother has prostate cancer
B
The nurse should order a PSA for the 68-year-old African American male with no complaints. His race and his age put him at the highest risk for prostate cancer than any of the other men. Being over 50 years of age and African American race are two of the risk factors for prostate cancer. Being 40 years old and Caucasian are not risk factors; however, consuming a diet high in fat, oil, and sugar is a risk factor. Being 45 years of age, Hispanic, and having prostatitis are not risk factors. The 40-year-old Asian male is not at risk for prostate cancer. A family history of prostate cancer is a risk factor. The higher risk is to have a first-degree relative (father, brother) diagnosed with prostate cancer at an early age (younger than 65).
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