Contrast the effects of acetylcholine and serotonin on cortical arousal
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Cortical arousal refers to alertness and wakefulness and is indexed by cortical desynchrony. Acetylcholine is contained within two sets of neurons and released in the cortex to induce desynchrony. One pathway is from the pons to cortex, and the other is from the basal forebrain to cortex. Electrical stimulation of the pons induces cortical desynchrony and is accompanied by marked increases in acetylcholine levels. Serotonin-containing neurons are located within the raphe nuclei. Serotonin neurons may be most active during waking and are almost silent during REM sleep.
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Holmes and Rahe's research suggests that the most stressful life change is ________________
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Which statement regarding the relationship between gender and aggression is false?
a. In virtually every culture, males are more violent than females. b. Men are more likely to commit a homicide and are more likely to be the victim of a murder than women. c. Males are more likely to engage in risky, self-destructive behavior than females. d. Boys demonstrate more overt and relational forms of aggression than do girls.
When the members of a group seek consensus and ignore or suppress dissenting opinions, the process that is at work is called:
a. group polarization b. informational social influence c. groupthink d. social interference
Obesity may be caused by
a. one's heredity potentially contributing to causing people to overeat, be sedentary, or be less able to convert fat to fuel. b. television advertising that emphasizes the cultural ideal of thinness. c. parents who emphasize internal signals, rather than external signals to control eating. d. one's heredity determining a high-activity level.