According to Latané and Darley (1970), a number of things must occur before witnesses decide to intervene in an emergency situation. According to this stage model, when witnesses ________, costs of helping will be most relevant to their behavior
a. decide whether to implement their decision to help
b. attempt to determine whether the event is actually an emergency
c. decide whether they are personally responsible to intervene
d. decide whether they have the necessary skills to intervene
Answer: A
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According to cognitive models of anxiety, such as Borkovec, Alcaine and Behar's model, why do people continue to worry despite the fact that it is unproductive?
a. They have a superstition that worry will lead to symptom reduction. b. Classical conditioning has led to an association between worry and cognitive stability. c. The worry is reinforced by a temporary reduction in uncomfortable physiological sensations. d. The worry results from activation of the superego in order to punish oneself for past misdeeds.
Which of the following is true of self-administered reinforcement?
a. It is guided by our past behavior as reference. b. It involves both reward and punishment. c. It is more effective with older children and adults. d. All of these are correct.
The charge that exists across the nerve cell membrane is a result of differing
a. amounts of DNA and RNA. b. types of neurotransmitters on either side of the nerve cell membrane. c. types of neurons inside and outside the nerve cell membrane. d. concentrations of ions on either side of the nerve cell membrane.
When we attribute feelings we do not want to have to someone else, we may be ________
a. projecting b. sublimating c. displacing d. identifying