The nurse assesses a group of clients. Which clients are at the greatest risk of gingivitis? Select all that apply.
1. The client on medications for anxiety and depression.
2. The client who smokes half a pack of cigarettes per day.
3. The client on a high-protein, reduced-carbohydrate diet.
4. The client with a sinus infection and acute bronchitis.
5. The client with well-controlled diabetes mellitus.
1. The client on medications for anxiety and depression.
2. The client who smokes half a pack of cigarettes per day.
5. The client with well-controlled diabetes mellitus.
Explanation: 1. Xerostomia as a result of anxiolytics and antidepressants places the client at risk of many oral issues, including gingivitis.
2. Smoking increases the risk of all forms of periodontal disease and makes treatment difficult.
3. Poor nutrition can lead to gingivitis. A high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet does not indicate poor nutrition.
4. Chronic illnesses do lead to increased risk of periodontal disease. Acute illnesses do not increase risk significantly.
5. Even the client who has adequately controlled blood glucose levels is at increased risk of periodontal disease.
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