Nursing students in a pathophysiology class are learning about the four defined stages of an immune response
During what stage of the immune response do the students learn that the antibody or cytotoxic T-cell combine and potentially destroy the invading microbes or neutralize toxins?
A) Recognition stage
B) Proliferation stage
C) Response stage
D) Effector stage
Ans: D
Feedback: In the effector stage, either the antibody of the humoral response or the cytotoxic (killer) T-cell of the cellular response reaches and couples with the antigen on the surface of the foreign invader. The coupling initiates a series of events that in most instances results in total destruction of the invading microbes or the complete neutralization of the toxin.
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