Briefly describe the roles of chloride in the body.
What will be an ideal response?
Chloride is the major anion of the extracellular fluids (outside the cells), where it occurs mostly in association with sodium. Chloride moves passively across membranes through channels and so also associates with potassium inside cells. Like sodium and potassium, chloride maintains fluid and electrolyte balance.
In the stomach, the chloride ion is part of hydrochloric acid, which maintains the strong acidity of gastric juice. One of the most serious consequences of vomiting is the loss of this acid from the stomach, which upsets the acid–base balance. Such imbalances are commonly seen in bulimia nervosa
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Your best friend had a baby 3 months ago and is anxious to go "out on the town" with her friends. She is still breastfeeding, but would like to be able to have some drinks. What advice would you give her?
a. It is okay to drink while nursing because it actually helps babies sleep. b. It is okay to drink while nursing because it increases breast milk production. c. Pump your milk immediately after drinking and it will be eliminated from your body. d. Pump milk before going out and use that until the alcohol has been cleared from your system. e. Drink only beer because babies tolerate it.
What task is a major function of the stomach?
a. Producing emulsifiers b. Producing chyme c. Hosting bacteria that produce vitamin K d. Creating a food bolus e. Dismantling carbohydrates
Cells are related to the nutrients we eat in foods because _____________ .
a. nutrients can affect how the genes in cells work. b. cells create certain essential nutrients if we do not eat enough of them. c. enzymes are created to slow down the chemical reactions of a nutrient. d. all cells replenish themselves every few days with nutrients that are consumed.
Elizabeth, a 12-year-old girl, suffers from indigestion every time she consumes dairy products like milk and cheese. However, dairy consumption has never triggered an immune response in her. In this case, the reason for such physiological reaction is most likely due to _____
A) food allergy B) anaphylaxis C) edema D) food intolerance