A psychologist designs a study to investigate the effect of diaphragmatic breathing on test anxiety. After recruiting test-anxious subjects, the researcher splits the group so that two equivalent groups are created
One group is taught the method of breathing and asked to use it before taking a verbal memory test, while the other group is not taught the technique. After scoring the tests and conducting a statistical test, the researcher finds that the group that received the training significantly outperformed the other group. In this design, the test scores for each group would be
A) an example of a correlational outcome.
B) the independent variable.
C) the dependent variable.
D) considered random.
C
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Piaget's stage of cognitive development that has substages of primary circular reactions, tertiary circular reactions, and secondary schemata is
A. formal operational B. preoperational C. concrete operational D. sensorimotor
Although they cannot indicate causality, correlation studies can:
a. lead to hypotheses that can be tested with experiments. b. rule out the possibility of causality. c. allow predictions to be made about the relationship of variables. d. all of these
The neurotransmitter dopamine is released in the male ______ during sexual activity; this mirrors behavior during the Coolidge effect.
A. medial preoptic area B. sexually dimorphic nucleus C. nucleus accumbens D. ventromedial hypothalamus
In a qualitative research report, what is the key criterion being evaluated?
A. the validity of the findings B. the reliability of the finding C. the significance of the findings D. the trustworthiness of the findings