Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. Random assignment and random sampling are the same.
2. Controlling for other variables is a way to minimize spuriousness in nonexperimental
research.
3. To propose a causal explanation, a researcher need not establish time order.
4. An intervening variable is a third variable that impacts on the relationship between
the independent and dependent variable.


1. FALSE
2. TRUE
3. FALSE
4. TRUE

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The direction of skewness is determined by the relative position of the

a. peak of distribution. b. midpoint of the distribution. c. tail of the distribution. d. class intervals of the distribution.

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The symptoms of minor depression in older adult most commonly include:

a. A sense of worthlessness b. Somatic symptoms c. Alternating states of confusion d. Hoarding of newspapers

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The best response to a “deviant” group member is to:

A. Confront the individual about the inappropriate behavior B. Eject individual from the group C. Ignore the inappropriate behavior D. Elicit input from other members of group

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Abraham Maslow is best known for developing the:

a) Life Cycle Model b) Hierarchy of needs c) Stages of cognitive development d) All of the above

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