What evidence supports the theory of endosymbiosis for the development of cells with mitochondria and chloroplasts? (Select all that apply.)
a) the presence of circular DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts
b) the size of mitochondria and chloroplasts is similar to that of modern-day bacteria
c) the double membrane around mitochondria and chloroplasts
d) mitochondria and chloroplasts divide by fission, the same method observed for bacteria
All of the above options A, B, C, D are supporting evidence of endosymbiosis.
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Messenger RNAs that contain no stop codons are eliminated by
A) nonstop decay. B) directed RNase activity. C) nonsense-mediated decay. D) error-mediated repair. E) none of these mechanisms.
Which two levels are farthest apart on the hierarchy of biological organization?
a. Organism and population b. Ecosystem and biosphere c. Atom and cell d. Tissue and organ
The staggering of the collagen trimmers gives the fibrils a striated appearance in the electron microscope.
a. true b. false
Which of the following is caused by nicotine in cigarette smoke?
A) constriction of blood vessels B) faster heart rate C) increased stickiness of platelets D) Nicotine causes all of the above.