Which of the following is not a characteristic of a mother who has experienced malnutrition prior to or after conception?
a. Inadequate fetal nourishment due to a poorly developed placenta.
b. A temporary loss of insulin secretion
c. If the baby is female, an elevated risk of that baby later in life to develop a chronic disease that could impair her ability to give birth to a healthy infant.
d. Growth restriction in the fetus
e. Higher risk of spontaneous abortion or stillbirth
Answer: B
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