By the year 1900, the American bison had been hunted to near extinction. From those that survived the slaughter, breeding programs have increased the population of American bison to close to 500, 000 today. This is an example of
a. artificial selection.
b. the founder effect.
c. the bottleneck effect.
d. the Red Queen effect.
e. gene flow.
C
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Solenoidal supercoiling is best described as:
A. observed when DNA is in solution. B. less compact than plectonemic supercoiling, though more stable. C. observed when eukaryotic DNA is wrapped around basic proteins. D. observed when bacterial or eukaryotic chromosomes are wrapped around basic proteins. E. the tertiary structure of a supercoiled telephone cord.
When added to water at neutral pH (7.0), an acid will
a. act as a proton donor, raising the pH of the solution. b. act as a proton acceptor, raising the pH of the solution. c. act as a proton donor, lowering the pH of the solution. d. act as a proton acceptor, lowering the pH of the solution. e. do nothing since the aqueous solution is neutral.
In rats, the P gene allele for pigmentation (P) is dominant to the allele for albinism (p). The B gene allele for black pigmentation (B) is dominant to the allele for cream pigmentation (b). The pp homozygous recessive genotype is epistatic to any allele combination at gene B. Predict the phenotypic ratio of the F2 progeny of a parental cross between a pure-breeding black rat and an albino that is also homozygous for cream.
A) 1 black: 2 cream: 1 albino B) 9 black: 3 cream: 4 albino C) 9 black: 7 albino D) 12 black: 3 cream: 1 albino E) 15 black: 1 albino
Which are the most numerous and diverse vertebrates?
a. reptiles b. bony fishes c. mammals d. lancelets e. cartilaginous fishes