During hospitalization for congestive heart failure, a client awakens during the night frightened and short of breath. This client most likely is experiencing:
1. Multisystem heart failure.
2. Cardiomyopathy.
3. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.
4. High-output failure.
3. Paroxysmal noctural dyspnea.
Rationale:
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea occurs when edema fluid that has accumulated during the day is reabsorbed into the circulation at night. This causes fluid overload and pulmonary congestion. The client awakens at night short of breath and frightened. The client is not experiencing multisystem heart failure, cardiomyopathy, or high-output failure.
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