Acyclovir is an antiviral chemical that resembles a nucleotide but lacks a 3' OH group and cannot form phosphodiester bonds. Why is Acyclovir useful in treating some viral infections?
A. Acyclovir halts viral DNA replication.
B. Acyclovir blocks the assembly of viral cell capsules.
C. Acyclovir stops viral protein synthesis.
D. Acyclovir hydrolyzes viral polysaccharides.
Answer: A
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A doctor’s office has run out of the latest flu vaccine, but many patients are asking for it. One of the nurses finds some vials from last year’s batch in a refrigerator. Should they be used?
A. Yes, because the preservatives and refrigeration ensure that the vaccine is still fresh. B. No, because each year the technology to make a good vaccine improves. C. No, because each year the vaccine is made against different subtypes of the flu virus. D. Maybe – the vaccine should be mixed in a test tube with the virus to see if it still inactivates it. Clarify Question · What is the key concept addressed by the question? · What type of thinking is required? Gather Content · What do you already know about the flu virus? Choose Answer · Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most likely to produce the correct answer? Reflect on Process · Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?
Mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that ____
a. do not occur in the germ cells b. do not occur in the somatic cells c. are always chemically induced d. are always spontaneous e. can be passed on to daughter cells
Which ecological problem might result from fertilizing a golf course with phosphorus-rich fertilizer?
A) poisoning of the grass caused by excess phosphorus B) heavy growth of algae and cyanobacteria in lakes and rivers caused by phosphorus runoff C) accumulation of toxic levels of phosphorus in animals in the vicinity, especially those higher on the food chain D) a slowdown in the weathering of rock that releases phosphates into the soil under natural conditions
Which of the following is NOT a way to genetically engineer vaccines?
a. removing genes from the pathogen that encode virulence factors b. adding genes to a harmless virus that elicit an immune response to a pathogen c. adding the thymidine kinase gene from the vaccinia virus d. producing large amounts of immunogenic proteins by cloning