Explain regenerative medicine and its application
What will be an ideal response?
Regenerative medicine is a field of biotechnology that grows cells and tissues that can
be used to replace or repair diseased or defective tissues or organs. This field could improve a
patient's heart muscle following a heart attack or brain cells following a brain injury. So, it is a
growing field–some companies, such as Tengion, have already successfully grown new bladders
in the laboratory.
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Which of the following statements are not true of hormone actions in plants?
A. Most plant hormones are effective in extremely low concentrations. B. Plant hormones influence cell growth and differentiation. C. Plant hormones may alter patterns of gene expression and rates of cell division. D. Plant hormones act independently and do not affect one another's actions. E. Plant hormones play a central role in plant development. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points
What is the sequence of events involved in the production of proteins that is secreted?
A) A hormone signals the gene that encodes the protein to be transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus. The mRNA is translated into protein on the ER, then processed and folded in the Golgi apparatus, and then sent out of the cell in a vesicle. B) A hormone signals a protein-filled vesicle to move from the plasma membrane into the cell and into the nucleus, where it stimulates transcription of the appropriate gene into mRNA. The mRNA exits the nucleus and is translated into protein on the ER and processed and folded in the Golgi apparatus. Finally, the protein is transported out of the cell in a vesicle. C) A hormone binds to the plasma membrane, signaling proteins near the membrane to fall apart into amino acids. These enter the nucleus and stimulate replication of the gene encoding the protein. D) The protein is produced as a linear molecule in the nucleus, then exits through nuclear pores. On the ER the protein folds into its active form and at the Golgi apparatus is packed into a vesicle, which carries it across the plasma membrane and out of the cell.
Which of the following is NOT true of lipids?
a. They store energy. b. They function as structural components of cellular membranes. c. They function as hormones. d. They are nonpolar. e. They have many oxygen-containing functional groups.
What is the smallest unit that can evolve?
A) The community B) The population C) The individual D) The cell