Which condition would the nurse expect to be treated with an isotonic solution?
a. Fluid overload
b. Hemorrhagic shock
c. Cellular dehydration
d. Cerebral edema
ANS: B
Isotonic solutions have approximately the same osmolality as blood. Isotonic fluids are ideal replacement fluids for patients experiencing an intravascular fluid deficit that occurs in conditions such as acute blood loss from hemorrhage and gastrointestinal bleeding. Isotonic fluids increase vascular volume, thus counteracting hypovolemia and hypotension. Administering isotonic solutions for fluid overload would exacerbate the problem. Hypotonic solutions are administered for cellular dehydration. Hypertonic solutions are administered for cerebral edema.
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