A personal characteristic that is stable across situations and is used to describe or explain personality defines _____
a) a defense mechanism.
b) self-efficacy.
c) an element of ego functioning.
d) a trait.
Answer: d
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Studies (Stoneman et al., 1986; McHale et al., 2001) showed that siblings differing in gender exert some gender socialization effects on each other. Which of the following did researchers find?
A. Girls and boys with an older sister engage in more masculine play activities. B. Older girls with younger brothers show more traditional gender role attitudes than girls with younger sisters. C. Girls and boys with an older brother engage in more masculine play activities. D. Older boys with younger sisters have more traditional gender role attitudes than boys with younger brothers.
"I got an A on the last exam because I'm a good student" illustrates a/an
_________ attribution. (a) internal (b) external (c) illusory (d) none of the above
Rene Spitz's genetic field theory specifies the appearance of three "organizers" in which developmental sequence?
A. Smiling response, separation anxiety, signal for "no." B. Separation anxiety, stranger response, signal for "no." C. Stranger response, separation anxiety, signal for "no." D. Smiling response, stranger response signal for no E. Smiling response, stranger response, separation anxiety.
The gate control theory of pain assumes
A) ?the physiological reality of pain. B) ?the nature of motor output factors in pain perception. C) ?that chronic pain is heavily influenced by both spinal cord and brain activity. D) ?that sensory input is not the only factor in pain perception.