Explain the reasons why the 1960s led to a crisis in policing.
What will be an ideal response?
Answer may vary. A number of things happened during the 1960s that made it a particularly difficult one for the police and which lead to a crisis in policing. Between 1960 and 1970 crime rates doubled, which not surprisingly made many question the effectiveness of police. In addition, the police often found themselves squaring off against those advocating for social change as part of the civil rights movement and those who were against the war in Vietnam. These often violent clashes would further divide minority communities and the police. Finally, research studies showed that many of the most basic police operations were largely ineffective, including routine patrol, use of detectives, and rapid response
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In Roper v. Simmons, the ruling of the U.S. Supreme Court:
A. permitted the trial of juveniles in adult courts for crimes already adjudicated in juvenile courts. B. forbade the execution of offenders who were under the age of eighteen when they committed their crimes. C. held that juveniles facing a loss of liberty were not entitled to the same basic procedural safeguards granted to adult offenders. D. held that the government need not prove "beyond a reasonable doubt" that a juvenile had committed an act of delinquency.
Which of the following acts called for increased oversight duties for corporate fraud, and required corporate executives to personally certify corporate financial statements?
a. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 b. The Sherman Act of 1890 c. The Robinson-Patman Act of 1936 d. The Responses, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980
What is a sentencing option open to the court that allows a convicted person to remain at liberty as long as he or she complies with certain conditions and restrictions?
A. parole B. probation C. diversion D. restitution
You are about to debate the question of whether a racial disparity exists in death sentences in the United States. Which of these is an accurate fact you could use to support your belief that there is a disparity?
A. Latinos of any race outnumber Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders on death row. B. In recent years, a majority of death row inmates have been White despite the stereotypes that many television shows and movies present. C. In recent years, more than 40% of death row inmates have been African American even though far less than 40% of the U.S. population is African American. D. About half of death row inmates have not graduated from high school.