A nurse is assessing a client who complains of a burning sensation in the chest. Assessment reveals heartburn. What may have led to the development of heartburn?
A) Inadequate closure of lower esophageal sphincter
B) Improper relaxation of the internal anal sphincter
C) Impaired closure of the ileocecal valve
D) Partial relaxation of the pyloric sphincter
A
Feedback:
Heartburn results from inadequate closure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). As waves of peristalsis push food through the lower esophagus, the cardiac sphincter, or LES, opens to allow food to enter and closes to keep food in the stomach. If the LES does not close adequately, the contents of the stomach can reenter the esophagus. The stomach contents contain gastric juices that are acidic. When these substances reenter the esophagus, a burning sensation can occur, resulting in heartburn. Improper relaxation of the internal anal sphincter will result in constipation. Impaired closure of the ileocecal valve and partial relaxation of the pyloric sphincter will not cause heartburn.
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