Which of the following terms is used to describe the amount of stretch on the myocardium at the end of diastole?
a. Afterload
b. Cardiac index
c. Cardiac output
d. Preload
Answer: d. Preload
Preload is the amount of stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers at the end of diastole. The volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of diastole determines the preload. Afterload is the force against which the ventricle must expel blood. Cardiac index is the individualized measurement of cardiac output, based on the client's body surface area. Cardiac output is the amount of blood the heart is expelling per minute.
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