Inventory changes, a component of GDP, includes those that are planned as well as those that are unplanned
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
T
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Suppose there are three power-generating plants, each of which has access to 5 different production processes. The table below summarizes the cost of each production process and the corresponding number of tons of smoke emitted each.Process(smoke/day) A(4 tons/day) B(3 tons/day) C(2 tons/day) D(1 ton/day) E(0 tons/day) Cost to Firm X ($/day) $500$514$530$555$585 Cost to Firm Y ($/day) $400$420$445$480 $520Cost to Firm z ($/day) $300$325$360$400 $550Suppose the government requires each firm to reduce pollution to 2 tons of smoke per day, so that total daily smoke emission is 6 tons. The total cost to society of this policy will be ________ per day.
A. $42 B. $59 C. $135 D. $230
The EPA’s second prospective study of the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990,
a. expands the time frame of the first prospective study to the 1990 to 2020 period b. finds that the estimated costs of the CAAA outweigh the estimated benefits c. uses the same data and methods employed in the first study d. generates estimates that indicate negative net benefits linked to the CAAA
What is the rationale behind a cap-and-trade emission allowance system?
A) It creates a market for externalities. B) It disciplines polluting firms by specifying the maximum amount of emissions allowed and gives them permits to pollute up to their allowance. C) It provides firms with the incentive to consider less costly alternatives to pollution reduction by making firms pay for the right to pollute beyond their specified allowance. D) It raises revenue for the government through the sale of permits.
Cost minimization suggests that two inputs should be employed to the point where
A) the marginal cost of each input is identical. B) the marginal revenue product of each input is identical. C) the marginal physical product per dollar spent on each input is identical. D) the extra contribution to physical output of the inputs is identical.