Which of the following is one of two or more gene variants that determine a particular trait for a characteristic?
a. allele
b. karyotype
c. euploid
d. aneuploid
a. allele
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Refer to the paragraph on crucian carp
The crucian carp (Carassius carassius) is a Northern European freshwater fish often inhabiting ponds that become hypoxic (have reduced oxygen levels) and even anoxic (have no oxygen) when the surface freezes during the winter. Surprisingly, when oxygen levels are normal, these fish lack the lamellae that provide a large surface area for gas exchange between water and blood: their gills are smooth. Yet when the level of oxygen in the water falls, the gill morphology undergoes a change: packing cells stop dividing and programmed cell death is induced, exposing gill lamellae that were buried in other tissue. With lamellae exposed, the gills have increased surface area for gas exchange. These changes in gill lamellar profile are reversible: investigators observed that the gills return to their normal structure within seven days after returning the fish to well-oxygenated water. Gills serve multiple functions in fish in addition to gas exchange. Given the large surface area of gills with lamellae, what is the most likely explanation for why crucian carp cover protruding lamellae in their gills when levels of oxygen are normal? A) to prevent loss of heat to the surrounding water B) to prevent loss of ions to the surrounding water C) to prevent protein loss to the surrounding water D) to prevent loss of oxygen to the surrounding water
Unsaturated fats are considered healthier than saturated fats in the human diet
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
The life threatening body-wide response that can occur when allergens enter the circulatory system and cause a severe
drop in blood pressure is called ____________________. Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
A mutation is ___________.
A. a temporary and reversible alteration in a DNA molecule B. a mistake that can occur in either transcription or translation C. a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA D. blockage of the ribosome-binding sites