According to life-span developmentalist Paul Baltes (2003), the benefits conferred by evolutionary selection decrease with age. Natural selection has not weeded out many harmful conditions and nonadaptive characteristics that appear among older adults. Why?

A. Degeneration aids in the transmission of desirable traits to future generations.
B. Natural selection operates primarily on characteristics that are tied to reproductive fitness.
C. Evolved mechanisms are always adaptive in contemporary society.
D. Human evolution has no effect on previous generations.


Answer: B

Psychology

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