A client has received local anesthesia of lidocaine (Xylocaine) with epinephrine for repair of a laceration. The nurse plans care based on the knowledge of which action of the epinephrine?
1. Constrict the blood vessels in the area to dramatically reduce bleeding, thus enhancing the operative field.
2. Constrict the blood vessels to extend the duration of the drug in the operative area.
3. Constrict the blood vessels to make the wound less distressing to the client and to promote relaxation.
4. Constrict the blood vessels in the area to reduce the transmission of pain signals to the central nervous system.
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: The amount of vasoconstriction with a local anesthetic will not significantly decrease bleeding from the injury.
Rationale 2: Epinephrine is a common additive to local anesthetics that is used to constrict the blood vessels and to extend the duration of the drug.
Rationale 3: Vasoconstriction will not promote relaxation in the client.
Rationale 4: Vasoconstriction does not decrease the transmission of pain signals.
Global Rationale: Epinephrine is a common additive to local anesthetics that is used to constrict the blood vessels and to extend the duration of the drug. The amount of vasoconstriction with a local anesthetic will not significantly decrease bleeding from the injury. Vasoconstriction will not promote relaxation in the client nor does it decrease the transmission of pain signals.
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