Which of the following is a feature of Japanese political culture?
a. Decision making is accomplished according to individualism, and there is rarely consensus.
b. Women earn as much as men and the number of women in politics has increased since World War II.
c. The desire for mutual obligation has contributed to the stability in leadership and furthered political modernization.
d. Emphasis is placed on group orientation, hierarcy, mutual obligation and consensus.
d
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Which of the following was upheld by the Supreme Court on the groundsthat the political parties were private entities, not public, and thus could do as they wished?
A. The cardinal ballot B. The black poll C. The ancestral poll D. The grandfather clause E. Thewhite primary
Why has the bureaucracy in Texas grown in recent years?
a. The federal government imposed numerous mandates on the states that required massive increases in education and health care services for new programs and personnel. b. Economic stimulus funds provided by the federal government have led to the creation of many new programs that benefit citizens who are now unwilling to cut them. c. As the federal government has reduced funding of programs to states, states have become increasingly responsible for assuming the duties formerly fulfilled by the federal government. d. Citizens have come to expect a wide range of public services while federal mandates have required more funding, and new programs have been implemented as a result of the urging of interest groups.
The principle advantage of open-ended questions is that they
a. are easier to score and code. b. eliminate the problem of social desirability bias. c. offer the respondent greater flexibility. d. minimize the problem of expressiveness and spontaneity.
At the lowest constraint levels, the researcher looks for
A) The effects of one variable on another. B) Predictability of variable A from knowing variable B. C) Causal relationships. D) The natural flow of behavior.