The nurse is educating a parent about the cause of a child's Down syndrome. Which of the following is the best description of the cause? Down syndrome is caused when:
1. Aneuploidy occurs.
2. Mendelian inheritance occurs.
3. Autosomal dominant inheritance occurs.
4. Genome imprinting occurs.
Aneuploidy occurs.
Rationale: Down syndrome is caused when aneuploidy, an abnormality in the number of chromosomes, occurs. Mendelian inheritance and autosomal dominant inheritance are examples of single-gene disorders. Genome imprinting is caused by an alteration in chromatin.
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The mother of a 5-year-old child taking prednisone for nephrotic syndrome tells the nurse he needs to get immunizations to enter kindergarten. What does the nurse clarify about receiving immunizations while on prednisone?
a. Can interfere with the treatment for nephrosis b. Require that the child have antibiotic coverage c. Can be given in smaller, divided doses d. Should be delayed
A student nurse is in her community health clinical rotation. She is visiting a family with a new baby. Which of the following statements made by the mother of a 1-month-old infant indicates the need for client education?
a. "My baby should double his birth weight by the time he is 6 months old." b. "I shouldn't give my baby any cow's milk until he is at least a year old." c. "My baby has been fussy lately; I believe he is probably cutting his teeth." d. "I shouldn't put my baby on a fluffy pillow to sleep."
The patient has been hospitalized for several weeks and is very depressed. She doesn't want to bathe or brush her teeth. What approach should the nurse take to best meet the needs of this pa-tient?
a. Collaborate for a psychiatric consultation. b. Instruct the patient on the benefits of hy-giene. c. Have family bring grooming products to the patient. d. Encourage the patient to assist with per-sonal hygiene.
A sphincter is
a. A ring of muscle around a tubular organ which controls passage of contents b. A flap of tissue which prevents food entering the nasal cavity c. A structure which prevents fluid entering the lungs d. A tissue which secretes enzymes into the stomach