Hypoparathyroidism causes hypocalcemia by:
A) Increasing serum magnesium
B) Increasing phosphate excretion
C) Blocking release of calcium from bone
D) Blocking action of intestinal vitamin D
Ans: C
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The most common causes of hypocalcemia are abnormal losses of calcium by the kidney, impaired ability to mobilize calcium from bone due to hypoparathyroidism, and increased protein binding or chelation such that greater proportions of calcium are in the nonionized form. Magnesium deficiency inhibits PTH release and impairs PTH action on bone resorption. Phosphate and calcium are inversely related, and PTH does not control phosphate excretion. PTH does not exert control of vitamin D action in the intestine, but elevated vitamin D levels can suppress PTH release.
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