Which of the following causes of hypoxemia is the result of blood passing through unventilated portions of the lungs?
a. Alveolar hypoventilation c. Intrapulmonary shunting
b. Dead space ventilation d. Drug overdose
C
Hypoxemia is the result of impaired gas exchange and is the hallmark of acute respiratory failure. Hypercapnia may be present, depending on the underlying cause of the problem. The main causes of hypoxemia are alveolar hypoventilation, ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatching, and intrapulmonary shunting. Intrapulmonary shunting occurs when blood passes through a portion of a lung that is not ventilated. Drug overdose is an extrapulmonary cause that affects the brain.
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