Paul was always a "hand full"; as a toddler and then preschooler he was stubborn, refusing to speak to people who spoke to him or comply with simple requests. In elementary school, Paul's stubborn behaviors morphed into open defiance. He would not comply with school personnel requests he go to his classroom or with his teacher when she asked him to read or complete an assignment. At home, when

asked by his parents to complete a chore or to do his homework, Paul would stare at them and simply say, "No." When Paul entered middle school, he started staying out late and not going to school. Eventually he started to run away whenever the mood struck him. Which of the pathways appropriately describes Paul's delinquent behaviors?

a. Covert pathway
b. Overt pathway
c. Authority conflict pathway
d. Trajectory pathway


c

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Georgia took her child to the emergency room with injuries on her legs and back. When doctors asked her how the child received the injuries, Georgia broke down weeping and said she beat her daughter two days ago but had just gotten her period. In using the previous defense, what obstacles might Georgia face?

a. proving that PMS is a disease b. all of these are obstacles Georgia might face c. proving that PMS causes the mental impairment that excuses the conduct d. proving that she suffers from PMS

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Many Anglo gangs are derivatives of the English punk and _______________ movement of the 1970s

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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According to this explanation for police corruption, if a few "rotten apples" were eliminated, corruption would disappear

a. External b. Departmental c. Managerial d. Individual

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Which is not a category of downward communications identified by Katz and Kahn?

a. Feedback on individual performance b. Procedures, practices, and policies c. Issues in the workplace d. Job instructions

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