The nurse identifies characteristics of buffer regulation, including: Standard Text: Select all that apply
1. The body's buffering system is more acid than base.
2. Buffers neutralize excess acids or bases.
3. Buffers are the last defense against acid–base balance changes in the body.
4. The main buffer pair is sodium bicarbonate and carbonic acid.
5. The pH remains within its normal range as long as the ratio is 20 parts of bicarbonate to 1 part of carbonic acid.
2,4,5
Rationale: The body's buffering system is more base than acid, due to the strong tendency toward acidity because acids are continually produced during metabolism.
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A 6 year old client presents to the orthopedist with generalized left femur pain. After examining the client and obtaining an x-ray, a tumor is noted in the diaphyseal region of the femur. He suspects the client has:
a. a chondrosarcoma b. Ewing's sarcoma c. multiple myeloma d. secondary chondrosarcoma
A baby is born with a genetic disorder that did not affect either of the parents. What should the nurse realize about this baby's disorder?
1. The mother is the carrier of the disorder. 2. The father is the carrier of the disorder. 3. The father is not the biological father of the baby. 4. Both parents are carriers of the disorder.
The patient develops a pleural effusion, so a chest tube is inserted. The nurse detects crepitus at the insertion site. Which conclusion by the nurse is most appropriate?
1) Consolidation of the lung tissue 2) Pleural thickening 3) Air leakage into subcutaneous tissue 4) Obstructed airway
The nurse is assessing the vital signs of a neonate. The appropriate method for measuring this patient's temperature is:
a. Axillary b. Rectal c. Oral d. Tympanic