Hotelling's model has been used to describe differentiation in the political "market." Suppose that 100 voters are evenly distributed between the extreme left and the extreme right on the political spectrum, and that all voters vote, and they always vote for the candidate closest to them on this spectrum. The numbers on this spectrum represent the number of voters lying to the left of the number. So, at the midpoint, fifty voters lie to the left and fifty to the right.
To an economic naturalist, this model helps explain why political candidates:
A. move toward more centrist positions during campaign season.
B. work to bring federally funded projects to their home districts.
C. take more extreme positions than are held by the general population.
D. are loyal to their political parties.
Answer: A
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Use the following graphs to answer the next question.
In the graphs, the numbers in parentheses near the AD1, AD2, and AD3 labels indicate the level of investment spending associated with each curve, respectively. All numbers are in billions of dollars. The interest rate and the level of investment spending in the economy are at point C on the investment demand curve. To achieve the long-run goal of a noninflationary, full-employment output of Qf in the economy, the Fed should try to ________.
A. decrease aggregate demand by increasing the interest rate B. increase aggregate demand by increasing the interest rate C. make no change in the interest rate D. increase aggregate demand by decreasing the interest rate
The time it takes for a one-dollar addition to bank reserves to work its way through the banking system and the financial portfolios of the public and have its full impact on the stock of money
A) is about one quarter of a year. B) is between six and nine months. C) is not yet known precisely because little empirical research has been done on the question. D) probably cannot be predicted from an examination of historical data.
Information costs
A) are the costs of buying and selling financial claims. B) include the costs that savers incur to determine the credit worthiness of borrowers. C) include the costs borrowers incur to discover the best investments to make with the money they have borrowed. D) are zero in financial markets, but high for transactions carried out through financial intermediaries.
The employment ratio is always ________ than labor force participation, because only the latter ________
A) larger; omits discouraged workers B) smaller; includes the unemployed C) smaller; omits people too young to work D) larger; includes people looking for work